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NEW QUESTION 199
A study comparing a group of chronically depressed individuals with an otherwise matched group of individuals free from depression found significantly more disorders of the immune system among the depressed group. According to the researchers, these results strongly support the hypothesis that mental states influence the body's vulnerability to infection.
Which of the following, if true, casts the most serious doubt on the researchers' interpretation of their findings?
- A. A high frequency of infections can stem from an unusually high level of exposure rather than from any disorder of the immune system.
- B. Disorders of the immune system cause many of those individuals who have them to become chronically depressed.
- C. Individuals who have previously been free from depression can become depressed quite suddenly.
- D. The researchers' view does little more than echo a familiar theme in folklore and literature.
- E. Chronically depressed individuals are no less careful than others to avoid exposure to infections.
Answer: B
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NEW QUESTION 200
In several cities, the government is going ahead with ambitious construction projects despite the high office vacancy rates in those cities. The vacant offices, though available for leasing, unfortunately do not meet the requirements for the facilities needed, such as court houses and laboratories. The government, therefore, is not guilty of any fiscal wastefulness.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument above depends?
- A. Adaptation of vacant office space to meet the government's requirements, if possible, would not make leasing such office space a more cost-effective alternative to new construction.
- B. The government's construction projects would not on being completed, add to the stock of facilities available for leasing in the cities concerned.
- C. The government prefers leasing facilities to owning them in cases where the two alternatives are equally cost-effective.
- D. Before embarking on any major construction project, the government is required by law to establish beyond any reasonable doubt that there are no alternatives that are most cost-effective.
- E. If facilities available for leasing come very close to meeting the government's requirements for facilities the government needs, the government can relax its own requirements slightly and consider those facilities in compliance.
Answer: A
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NEW QUESTION 201
Researchers studying long-term changes In regional mouse populations have found that by focusing on the populations of a rare but widespread and easily identifiable species of mouse (Species X), they can make fairly accurate estimations about the total regional mouse populations.
In a report on a recent study that Included the data tables that follow, the researchers provided some addenda:
1. "The Species X population of Region CV increased by 123,995 between 1990 and 2005.
2. In contrast, the Species X population of Region EW declined by about 52% during that same time.
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NEW QUESTION 202
The main principle of feng shui is that our environment must be ordered to permit and encourage the free flow of energy. One of the fundamental steps is to eliminate clutter, which blocks the flow of energy.
Based upon the previous information, which of the following statements is also likely to be true?
- A. Proper ventilation will improve the flow of energy.
- B. Walls should be kept bare except for mirrors.
- C. Objects should be dispersed as evenly as possible around the room.
- D. Light colored paints are best.
- E. Square objects should be placed in corners.
Answer: C
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The information provided in the passage leads to the conclusion that objects should be dispersed evenly around the room. This would "encourage the free flow of energy" and reduce clutter, because objects would not be crammed together. Proper ventilation (choice a) may indeed improve the flow of energy, but that cannot be concluded from the passage. The passage does not indicate where square objects should be placed (choice c), whether walls should be kept bare (choice d), or whether light colored paints are best (choice e), so these choices are incorrect.
NEW QUESTION 203
The increased concentration of salt in the bay, which is the result of recent drought and high temperatures, will cause many fish to die. Shrimp, however, can tolerate high salt levels; the shrimp industry will not, therefore, be hurt by the increased concentration of salt.
Which of the following statements, if true, would weaken the argument above?
- A. Shrimp are more abundant in areas of the bay that are sparsely populated by fish.
- B. The organisms on which young shrimp feed cannot survive in such salty waters.
- C. Increased water temperature often causes shrimp to multiply more quickly.
- D. Some fish will migrate to areas that have lower concentrations of salt.
- E. Lack of rainfall for extended periods of time lowers the water level of bays.
Answer: B
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NEW QUESTION 204
Each increase of 1 percent in real disposable personal income per capita will increase the share of the electorate for an incumbent by about 2.2 percentage points, other things being equal. Since 1952 there has been a decline in real disposable income during only one presidential election year. The incumbent lost that election.
Which of the following conclusions can be properly drawn from the statements above?
- A. Presidential candidates should put their greatest efforts into improving their public image.
- B. Political parties should take care to put forth a candidate who seems prosperous.
- C. The outcome of a presidential election is substantially affected by factors other than the ideological positions of the candidates.
- D. Because a presidential campaign requires the expenditure of large amounts of money, it frequently impoverishes a candidate and his or her supporters.
- E. When an incumbent runs for office, he or she is likely to win.
Answer: C
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NEW QUESTION 205
Most employees in the computer industry move from company to company, changing jobs several times in their careers. However, Summit Computers is known throughout the industry for retaining its employees.
Summit credits its success in retaining employees to its informal, non hierarchical work environment.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports Summit's explanation of its success in retaining employees?
- A. In a non hierarchical work environment, people avoid behavior that might threaten group harmony and thus avoid discussing with their colleagues any dissatisfaction they might have with their jobs.
- B. The cost of living near Summit is relatively low compared to areas in which some other computer companies are located.
- C. Many of Summit's senior employees had previously worked at only one other computer company.
- D. Some people employed in the computer industry change jobs if they become bored with their current projects.
- E. A hierarchical work environment hinders the cooperative exchange of ideas that computer industry employees consider necessary for their work.
Answer: E
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NEW QUESTION 206
They were in mind, of a like manner about how to handle Carson's breach of contract.
- A. likened of mind
- B. in mind, of a like manner
- C. of a like-mindedness
- D. in a likened mind
- E. of a like mind
Answer: E
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The correct idiom is of a like mind. All other choices are therefore incorrect.
NEW QUESTION 207
The fewer restrictions there are on the advertising of legal services, the more lawyers there are who advertise their services, and the lawyers who advertise a specific service usually charge less for that service than lawyers who do not advertise. Therefore, if the state removes any of its current restrictions, such as the one against advertisements that do not specify fee arrangements, overall consumer legal costs will be lower than if the state retains its current restrictions.
Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the argument concerning overall consumer legal costs?
- A. Most lawyers who advertise specific services do not lower their fees for those services when they begin to advertise.
- B. The state is unlikely to remove all of the restrictions that apply solely to the advertising of legal services.
- C. Most lawyers who now specify fee arrangements in their advertisements would continue to do so even if the specification were not required.
- D. The state has recently removed some other restrictions that had limited the advertising of legal services.
- E. Lawyers who do not advertise generally provide legal services of the same quality as those provided by lawyers who do advertise.
Answer: A
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NEW QUESTION 208
Even though most universities retain the royalties from faculty members' inventions, the faculty members retain the royalties from books and articles they write. Therefore, faculty members should retain the royalties from the educational computer software they develop.
The conclusion above would be more reasonably drawn if which of the following were inserted into the argument as an additional premise?
- A. In terms of the criteria used to award royalties, educational software programs are more nearly comparable to books and articles than to inventions.
- B. Royalties from inventions are higher than royalties from educational software programs.
- C. Faculty members are more likely to produce educational software programs than inventions.
- D. In the experience of most universities, educational software programs are more marketable than are books and articles.
- E. Inventions bring more prestige to universities than do books and articles.
Answer: A
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NEW QUESTION 209
Black Americans are, on the whole, about twice as likely as White Americans to develop high blood pressure. This likelihood also holds for westernized Black Africans when compared to White Africans.
Researchers have hypothesized that this predisposition in westernized Blacks may reflect an interaction between western high-salt diets and genes that adapted to an environmental scarcity of salt.
Which of the following statements about present-day, westernized Black Africans, if true, would most tend to confirm the researchers' hypothesis?
- A. The unusually high salt consumption in certain areas of Africa represents a serious health problem.
- B. The blood pressures of those descended from peoples situated throughout their history in Senegal and Gambia, where salt was always available, are low.
- C. Because of their blood pressure levels, most White Africans have markedly decreased their salt consumption.
- D. Blood pressures are low among the Yoruba, who, throughout their history, have been situated far inland from sources of sea salt and far south of Saharan salt mines.
- E. No significant differences in salt metabolism have been found between those people who have had salt available throughout their history and those who have not.
Answer: B
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NEW QUESTION 210
Elena has worked as a real estate agent for exactly 3 years-Years 1, 2, and 3. In Year 1, she sold exactly 16 properties. She sold more proper and more properties in Year 3 than in Year 2. The average (arithmetic mean) number of properties she sold per year for the 3 years was 19.
Select a number for Year 2 and a number for Year 5 that could be the total numbers of properties Elena sold in Year 2 and in Year 3, respectively, so that the selections are jointly consistent with the information provided.
Make only two selections, one in each column.
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NEW QUESTION 211
The proportion of manufacturing companies in Alameda that use microelectronics in their manufacturing processes increased from 6 percent in 1979 to 66 percent in 1990. Many labor leaders say that the introduction of microelectronics is the principal cause of the great increase in unemployment during that period in Alameda. In actual fact, however, most of the job losses were due to organizational changes.
Moreover, according to new figures released by the labor department, there were many more people employed in Alameda in the manufacturing industry in 1990 than in 1979.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the labor leaders' claim concerning the manufacturing industry in Alameda?
- A. The figures on the use of microelectronics that were made public are the result of inquiries made of managers in the manufacturing industry in Alameda.
- B. The organizational changes that led to job losses in all sectors of the manufacturing industry in Alameda were primarily the result of the introduction of microelectronics.
- C. A few jobs in the manufacturing industry in Alameda could have been saved if workers had been willing to become knowledgeable in microelectronics.
- D. Figures on job losses in the manufacturing industry in Alameda for the late sixties and early seventies have not been made available.
- E. From 1979 to 1990, fewer employees of manufacturing companies in Alameda lost their jobs because of the introduction of microelectronics than did employees of manufacturing companies in the nearby community of Rockside.
Answer: B
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NEW QUESTION 212
Consider all positive integers a, 6, and c such that 135 is a factor of each of the expressions 15a, 254, and 30c.
What is the greatest common factor of all possible sums. a+b+c?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
- E. 4
Answer: E
NEW QUESTION 213
Which of the following best completes the passage below?
The computer industry's estimate that it loses millions of dollars when users illegally copy programs without paying for them is greatly exaggerated. Most of the illegal copying is done by people with no serious interest in the programs. Thus, the loss to the industry is much smaller than estimated because______
- A. most of the illegally copied programs would not be purchased even if purchasing them were the only way to obtain them
- B. the number of programs that are frequently copied illegally is low in comparison to the number of programs available for sale
- C. even if the computer industry received all the revenue it claims to be losing, it would still be experiencing financial difficulties
- D. the total market value of all illegal copies is low in comparison to the total revenue of the computer industry
- E. many users who illegally copy programs never find any use for them
Answer: A
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NEW QUESTION 214
Many consumers are concerned about the ecological effects of wasteful packaging. This concern probably explains why stores have been quick to stock new cleaning products that have been produced in a concentrated form. The concentrated form is packaged in smaller containers that use less plastic and require less transportation space.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the explanation offered above?
- A. The containers in which concentrated cleaning products are packaged are no harder to recycle than those in which regular cleaning products are packaged.
- B. Consumer pressure has led to the elimination of wasteful cardboard packaging that was used for compact discs.
- C. Those concentrated cleaning products that are intended to be used diluted have clear instructions for dilution printed on their labels.
- D. Few consumers believe that containers of concentrated cleaning products are merely small packages of regular cleaning products.
- E. The smaller containers of concentrated cleaning products enable supermarkets and drugstores to increase their revenues from a given shelf space.
Answer: E
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NEW QUESTION 215
Suppose that m and n are two positive integers such that m< n, their least common multiple is 294, and their greatest common divisor is 7. In the table, select a value for m and a value for n that are jointly consistent with the given information. Make only two selections, one in each column.
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NEW QUESTION 216
Airplane manufacturer: I object to your characterization of our X-387 jets as dangerous. No X-387 in commercial use has ever crashed or even had a serious malfunction.
Airline regulator: The problem with the X-387 is not that it, itself, malfunctions, but that it creates a turbulence in its wake that can create hazardous conditions for aircraft in its vicinity.
The airline regulator responds to the manufacturer by doing which of the following?
- A. Characterizing the manufacturer's assertion as stemming from subjective interest rather than from objective evaluation of the facts
- B. Casting doubt on the extent of the manufacturer's knowledge of the number of recent airline disasters
- C. Citing statistical evidence that refutes the manufacturer's claim
- D. Invoking evidence that the manufacturer has explicitly dismissed as irrelevant to the point at issue
- E. Drawing attention to the fact that the manufacturer's interpretation of the word "dangerous" is too narrow
Answer: E
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NEW QUESTION 217
We commonly speak of aesthetic judgments as subjective, and in the short term they are, since critics often disagree about the value of a particular contemporary work of art. But over time, the subjective element disappears. When works of art have continued to delight audiences for centuries, as have the paintings of Michelangelo, the music of Bach, and the plays of Shakespeare, we can objectively call them great.
The statements above best support which of the following conclusions?
- A. If critics agree about the value of a particular cotemporary work of art, then the work can objectively be called great.
- B. The value of a contemporary work of art cannot be objectively measured.
- C. The reputation of a work of art often fluctuates greatly from one generation to the next.
- D. When Michelangelo, Bach, and Shakespeare were alive, critics disagreed about the value of their work.
- E. The mere fact that a work of art has endured for centuries does not establish its greatness.
Answer: B
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NEW QUESTION 218
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